Well, I had already the libglvnd-dev package installed. And re-installing it didn’t help.
Instead I discovered this post which concerned similar problems with NVIDIA cards and Ubuntu. As in the post, I found that I had a broken link
$ ls -l /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 maj 10 14:17 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so → libGL.so.1.0.0
where the target /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.0.0 did not exist.
The latest comment in the above post related to Ubuntu 18.04 and corresponded to my problem.
So I simply tried to replicate that by deleting the symbolic link /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so, which was pointing to the non-existing /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1.0.0, and then created as new link pointing at the existing /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1. I.e.
sudo rm /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so
Compared to the original post I found that /usr/lib/libGL.so.1 was actually a symbolic link pointing at /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1, so I chose the symbolic link /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so to point at this instead as above.
After this I could run ./configure with errors, and then build the binaries.